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END OF COLD WAR & SUPERPOWER RELATIONS.   Term Paper ID:22942 Click to get this paper

Essay Subject: Research design to determine change in U.S.-Soviet attitudes & relations.... More...

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Paper Abstract: Research design to determine change in U.S.-Soviet attitudes & relations. Paper Introduction: EFFECTS OF THE END OF THE COLD WAR ON RELATIONS BETWEEN THE GREAT POWERS Introduction This research develops a design to test an hypothesis related to the effects on relations between the great powers of the conclusion of the “Cold War.” The findings of this research are presented within the contexts of (1) hypothesis formulation, (2) independent variables and justifications for their use, (3) research design, and (4) predictions of the outcomes of testing the hypothesis. Research Hypothesis The end of the “Cold War” also marked an end to the bipolar character of international relations that existed for 50 years (Hyland, 1990, p. 5). During this 50 year period, international relations was Text of the Paper: The entire text of the paper is shown below. However, the text is somewhat scrambled. We want to give you as much information as we possibly can about our papers and essays, but we cannot give them away for free. In the text below you will find that while disordered, many of the phrases are essentially intact. From this text you will be able to get a solid sense of the writing style, the concepts addressed, and the sources used in the research paper. Research Design The research design to test the hypothesis presented in a precedingsection of this will provide for the identification of specific issues ineach of the four action subordinate classification areas for each of theindependent variables. US Department ofState Dispatch, 6(Supplement 1), 2-5. b. D., & Duffy, G. d. Nunn, S. Economic actions: Requiring American meat productsproducers to meet purity standards in excess of standards prevalent in theUnited States as a condition of entry into the European Community market isan example of such an issue. 295-314). 32-49; Roberts, 1995, pp. "Superpower" was a special sub-set of the "great power"designation that reflected the military and political dominance of the twonations. Given the uncertainties of the contemporary global politicalenvironment, an hypothesis is offered as an explanation of how thetermination of the "Cold War" will affect relations between the greatpowers during the last-half of the decade of the 199 s. Rising powers: Weapons proliferationand new great powers. EFFECTS OF THE END OF THE COLD WAR ON RELATIONS BETWEEN THE GREAT POWERS Introduction This research develops a design to test an hypothesis related to theeffects on relations between the great powers of the conclusion of the"Cold War." The findings of this research are presented within thecontexts of (1) hypothesis formulation, (2) independent variables andjustifications for their use, (3) research design, and (4) predictions ofthe outcomes of testing the hypothesis. Actions involving national sovereignty: A determinationthat United States is in error in claiming an unrestricted right to freepassage through Canadian waters (the Inside Passage between VancouverIsland and mainland British Columbia) could be an example of such an issue. (1995, February). (1995, March-April). Economic actions: A finding by the World TradeOrganization that import duties imposed by the United States on specifiedJapanese products were illegal could be an example such an issue. There is little doubt that the international political order ischanging, and that in the mid-199 s it is significantly different from whatit was in the fall of 1988 (Simai, 1994, pp. 2 -31).Almost no acceptance by the United States of the determinations ofinternational bodies that conflict with American objectives, however, maybe anticipated (Christopher, 1995, pp. 37). If the United States is willing to accept the determinations ofinternational bodies that conflict with the positions of the United Stateson the issues at hand, such an outcome will reflect a lack of support forthe hypothesis formulated for testing through the conduct of this study.By contrast, if the United States is not willing to accept thedeterminations of international bodies that conflict with the positions ofthe United States on the issues at hand, such an outcome will reflectsupport for the hypothesis formulated for testing through the conduct ofthis study. Predicted Outcomes Based on recent developments involving relations between the greatpower nations, as those nations are defined in this research, partialsupport is predicted for the hypothesis; however, overall the predictedoutcomes likely will reflect a preponderance of support for the hypothesis. Simai, M. This hypothesis isas follows: "The political and economic objectives of the United Stateslargely will determine the character of relations between the great powernations from 1996 through 2 ." Independent Variables and Justification Within the context of the hypothesis stated above, the centralquestion that must be answered concerns the degree of collaboration andconflict that may be anticipated between countries. By contrast, ifa great power nation is not willing to act in opposition to the wishes ofthe United States in any of the four action subordinate classifications,such an outcome will reflect support for the hypothesis formulated fortesting through the conduct of this study. G. W. Research Hypothesis The end of the "Cold War" also marked an end to the bipolar characterof international relations that existed for 5 years (Hyland, 199 , p. The Cold War is over. Inspite of the difficulties being experienced by the national government inRussia, a great leap of faith is required to assume that a majorinternational political role will be denied to a country with an armedforce as formidable as is that of Russia. If a great power nation is willing to act in opposition to the wishesof the United States in any of the four action subordinate classifications,such an outcome will reflect a lack of support for the hypothesisformulated for testing through the conduct of this study. Actions involving international crises: The question ofthe imposition of sanctions against China for actions involving Taiwancould be an example of such an issue. The future of NATO in an uncertain world:Expansion deserves thorough and careful consideration. Christopher, W. Maynes, C. 43-44). The new pessimism. (1995, 15 July). The future of global governance: Managing risk andchange in the international system. d. The higher the levelof collaboration between countries that exists, the lower will be the levelof conflict between countries, and the greater will be the probability ofinternational political stability. Acceptance of international determinations by the UnitedStates (independent variable): a. Two independent variables will be used to define the hypothesis.These independent variables are (1) the willingness of a great power nationto act in a way that is contrary to the expressed desires of the oneremaining superpower-the United States, and (2) the willingness of theUnited States to accept the determinations of international bodies thatconflict with the positions of the United States on the issues at hand.Each of these independent variables will be characterized by thesubordinate classifications of (1) actions involving international crises,(2) actions involving national sovereignty, (3) actions involving politicaldisputes between nations, and (4) economic actions. International arms control. Roberts, B. c. Washington: United States Institute ofPeace Press. Examples of such issues are as follows: 1. Hyland, W. b. References Blacker, C. The end of the bipolar character of international relations is leadingto what former American President George Bush referred to as the "new worldorder" (Simai, 1994, p. A generally accepted definition of a "great power"in the latter years of the "Cold War" was that it is a state that iscapable of securing its own existence against any other single state, otherthan one of the superpowers (Blacker & Duffy, 199 , pp. (1994). Independence of action by a great power nation (independentvariable): a. 583-586). Current, (371), 2 -31. Actions involving political disputes between nations: Adetermination by the Organization of American States that the sanctionsimposed by the United States against Cuba was a violation of the rights ofone member state against another member states could be an example of suchan issue. The United States, regardless of itsinclusion in this list of great powers, remains a superpower, and Russiacontinues as a military power unequaled by any country other than theUnited States. Among the new scenarios offered are (1) a multipolarcharacter, in which either (a) the United States will be but one of severalmajor players, or (b) the United States, Japan, and the reunited Germanywill be the major players, with a considerably less significant role forRussia, and (2) a unipolar character in which the United States is thedominant world power. (3rd ed.).Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. Submittal letter. 2-5; Nunn, 1995, pp. 5).During this 5 year period, international relations was dominated byrelations between the two superpowers-the Soviet Union and the UnitedStates. Actions involving international crises: The crisis inBosnia is an example of such an issue. New York: Random House. Thus far, however, no one seems to be able toproject with any degree of accuracy just what the character of this "newworld order" will be. 2. Vital Speeches,61(19), 583-586. c. Actions involving national sovereignty: Attempts by theUnited States to apply American law to firms from other nations tradingwith Cuba is an example of such an issue. For thepurposes of this research and within the context of this definition, greatpowers will include China, France, Germany, Japan, Russia, the UnitedKingdom, and the United States. Actions involving political disputes between nations:The conflict between Syria and Israel is an example of such an issue. (199 ). It remainsdifficult, however, to predict with any degree of accuracy who the majorplayers in the developing multipolar or unipolar environment will and willnot be, and which, if any, of these players will be first among equals. Foreign Policy, (1 ),32-49. (1995, Fall). The term "great powers" within the context of the post "Cold War" eraalso must be defined. Some degree of independent action on the part of great power nations canbe anticipated, although a strong tendency to follow the American lead alsomay be expected (Maynes, 1995, pp. If this paper is not what you are looking for, you can search again: Search for: or Click here to request an essay written just for you.