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CORRECTIONAL FACILITY BUDGETING.   Term Paper ID:24325 Click to get this paper

Essay Subject: Develops operating budget for fictional state prison: cost per inmate, employee pay, revenue. Exhibit.... More...

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Paper Abstract: Develops operating budget for fictional state prison: cost per inmate, employee pay, revenue. Exhibit. Paper Introduction: CORRECTIONAL FACILITY BUDGETING Introduction This research develops an operating budget for a state-level medium-security correctional facility. In developing this operating budget, cost assumptions for the facility are developed and justified first. Operating cost assumptions are presented in the following section. A pro-forma annual operating budget is presented following the operating cost assumptions. Text of the Paper: The entire text of the paper is shown below. However, the text is somewhat scrambled. We want to give you as much information as we possibly can about our papers and essays, but we cannot give them away for free. In the text below you will find that while disordered, many of the phrases are essentially intact. From this text you will be able to get a solid sense of the writing style, the concepts addressed, and the sources used in the research paper. 5 x 1. DiIulio, Jr. A. J., and Lindenberg, M. "'Does Prison Pay?' Revisited." Brookings Review 13 (Winter 1995): 2 -25.Wallin, B. In developing this operating budget, costassumptions for the facility are developed and justified first. "Privately Managed Prisons Go Before the Review Board." American City & County 111 (April 1996): 4 -46.Lynden, F. [4]Piehl and DiIulio, 22. J. [5]Piehl and DiIulio, 22. BibliographyCohan, P., and Wood, K. "Between A Rock and A Hard Place." American City & County 1 8 (June 1993): 56-61.Eckl, C. [8]Calculated as follows: $16,85 x 1. "Prison Sightings: A Rundown of the Factors That Go Into Site Selection and Development of Correctional Facilities." Planning 61 (June 1995): 14-19.Piehl, A. Thus, the inmate population for the corrections facility for which anannual operating budget was developed in this research was derived throughthe application of the 3.25:1 ratio to the projected staff size of 257.The resulting inmate population size was 835.[13] Health care costs represent a major element of operating costs forcorrections facilities in the United States.[14] In 1993, such costsaveraged approximately $2,8 per inmate per annum. A pro-formaannual operating budget is presented following the operating costassumptions. The objects of expenditure budget approach is used in thedevelopment of the operating budget for the corrections facility. (New York: Longman, Inc., 1996), 7 -73. For the development inthis study of an annul operating budget for a corrections facility, a five-percent per annum inflation factor was applied to the 1993 average. "'Does Prison Pay?' Revisited."Brookings Review 13 (Winter 1995): 2 . [2]P. Wood, "Between A Rock and A Hard Place." AmericanCity & County 1 8 (June 1993): 56. "The Need For Privatization Process: Lessons From Development and Implementation." Public Administration Review 57 (January-February 1997): 11-2 .----------------------- [1]A. 5 = $19,5 6. Operatingcost assumptions are presented in the following section. 5 x 1. Wallin, "The Need For Privatization Process: Lessons FromDevelopment and Implementation," Public Administration Review 57 (January-February 1997): 14. Hakim and E. [14]B. "Playing Hardball With Criminals." State Legislatures 2 (September 1994): 14-19.Hakim, S., and Blackstone, E. M. Public Budgeting in Theory and Practice, 3rd ed. [18]Lynden and Lindenberg, 7 -73. Theresulting figure was $18, 43.[6] Nadel found in 1995 that the average annual salary for a correctionsofficer in the United States was $16,85 .[7] This figure also was based on1994 data. The disadvantage of this budget format is thatit makes no effort to assess the effectiveness or the efficiency of theexpenditures included in it. [12]C. [6]Calculated as follows: $15,586 x 1. [13]257 x 3.25 = 835/257 = 3.25. Operating Costs Assumptions Estimates of operating costs on a per inmate basis vary widelydepending upon which items an analyst chooses to include as operatingcosts.[1] Some analysts include costs for functions that are notimmediately relevant to the operation of a corrections facility, such astime devoted by public administrators in state government to budgetingactivities that include corrections budgets. J., Jr. 5 x 1. A. 5 x 1. [16]S. 5 x 1. [17]F. 225/32 = 7. [1 ]225/.875 = 257 - 32 = 225. Eckl, "Playing Hardball With Criminals," State Legislatures 2 (September 1994): 15-16. In an objects of expenditure budget, all of the various types of goodsand services which must be acquired and used by an organization areitemized in the budget.[18] The original motivation for this budget formatand still the greatest advantage of this type of budget is that it opens topublic exposure exactly what it is that money is used by public sectororganizations to acquire. Thus, a five-percent per annum inflation factor also wasapplied to this figure to yield an average annual corrections officersalary of $19,5 6.[8] Nadel also found that the mean ratio for corrections officers to othercorrections facility personnel was 7:1.[9] This ratio was used in thisresearch in the development of the operating budget for a correctionsfacility. [11]Nadel, 15-16. Applying the 7:1 ratio, the size of thesupport staff at the corrections facility was assumed to be 32, for a totalstaff size of 257.[1 ] The ratio of corrections facility staff to the inmate population tendsto vary across the country.[11] Most frequently, however, this ratioranges from 3:1 to 3.5:1.[12] A ratio of 3.25:1 was used in this research. The corrections facilitybudget developed in this research, however, is concerned only with thosecosts associated with the salaries, wages, supplies, utilities,transportation, contractual services, and other functions involved with theactual operation of a corrections facility. Estimates of the annual cost per inmate of operating a state-levelcorrections facility in the United States range from $14, -to-$4 , .[2] Most such estimates range from $2 , -to-$25, per inmate per year foroperating costs.[3] Piehl and DiIulio, however, found in 1995 that averageoperating costs at state-level corrections institutions in the UnitedStates were only $15,586 per year.[4] This figure was obtained by usingfederal Bureau of Justice Statistics data for 1994 and by dividing thetotal amount spent on "salaries, wages, supplies, utilities,transportation, contractual services, and other current operating expensesby the average daily inmate population."[5] Considering that the data usedto derive the $15,586 per inmate cost per annum are now three years old, aninflation factor of five-percent per annum was applied to the amount toobtain the annual operating cost per inmate used in this research. 5 = $3,4 3. The exhibit may be found below on this page.ExhibitPro-Forma Annual Operating Budget For A State-Level Medium-SecurityCorrections Facility________________________________________________________________Object of Expenditure________________ Total Amount ($)Personnel Expenditures: Corrections Staff Salaries 4,388,85 Support Staff Salaries 624,192 Personnel Taxes and Benefits 992,6 8 Total Personnel Expenditures 5,955,65 Inmate Expenditures: Health Services 2,841,5 5 Food Services 1,828,65 Counseling Services 6 9,55 Transportation Services 3 4,775 Telephone Services 3 ,969 Miscellaneous Services 457,162 Total Inmate Expenditures 6,342,6 1Facility Operating Expenditures: Facility Maintenance 668, Non-Inmate Transportation 243,82 Utilities (Non-Telephone) 1,523,875 Telephone Services 187,61 Miscellaneous Expenditures 144,349 Total Facility Operations _2,767,654 Total Expenditures 15, 65,9 5________________________________________________________________ The total budget of $15, 65,9 5 reflects the projected annual cost perinmate of $18, 43. [7]Nadel, 16. CORRECTIONAL FACILITY BUDGETING Introduction This research develops an operating budget for a state-level medium-security correctional facility. New York: Longman, Inc., 1996.Nadel, B. 5 x 1. Lindenberg, Public Budgeting in Theory andPractice, 3rd ed. Lynden and M. [9]Nadel, 15. [3]B. One of the three general types of incremental budgets used bypublic sector organizations is the objects of expenditure budget (the othertwo incremental formats of interest are program budgets, and performancebudgets). The pro-forma annual operating budget for the corrections facility ispresented in an exhibit. 5 = $18, 43. J. M., and DiIulio, J. Nadel, "Prison Sightings: A Rundown of the Factors That GoInto Site Selection and Development of Correctional Facilities," Planning61 (June 1995): 14-19. Piehl and J. 5 x 1. Theresulting figure was $3,4 3 per inmate per annum.[15] For purposes of the operating budget developed in this research for acorrections facility, an assumption was made that the average annual salaryfor support personnel would be the same as that for corrections officers.While senior administrations in a corrections facility may be expected tohave substantially higher average annual salaries than those of correctionsofficers, other members of the support staff may be expected to have loweraverage annual salaries than the corrections officers.[16] Pro-Forma Annual Operating Budget The traditional budgeting process used by public sector organizationsis incremental in character.[17] Incremental, in the context of abudgeting process, means that future budgets are based, in part, on pastbudgets. A. Blackstone, "Privately Managed Prisons Go Beforethe Review Board," American City & County 111 (April 1996): 44. Cohan and K. Of the total expenditure of $15, 65,9 5, it isestimated that approximately $914,325 (an average of $3 per inmate per day)can be collected from the inmates and that approximately $3 1,318 (two-percent of the annual operating budget) in inter-governmental transfers andgrants can be obtained for the corrections facility on an annual basis.Further, revenues from prison work programs may be expected to generateapproximately $1,523,875 per annum (an average of $5 per inmate per day).Thus, the state government will be required to fund approximately$12,326,387 of the corrections facility operating budget on an annualbasis. A. [15]$2,8 x 1. An assumption was made that 225 corrections officers would be includedin the staff of the corrections facility for which an operating budget isdeveloped in this research. If this paper is not what you are looking for, you can search again: Search for: or Click here to request an essay written just for you.