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CONTRACT TRAINING IN COMMUNITY COLLEGES.   Term Paper ID:24532 Click to get this paper

Essay Subject: Describes & evaluates corporate-college association for educating students for specific jobs. Goals, benefits, problems, examples.... More...

7 Pages / 1575 Words 10 sources, 25 Citations, APA Format $28.00 Return to List of Papers

Paper Abstract: Describes & evaluates corporate-college association for educating students for specific jobs. Goals, benefits, problems, examples. Paper Introduction: CONTRACT TRAINING FOR INDUSTRY BY U.S. COLLEGES Introduction Two major forces - global competition and rapid technological advances - have profoundly changed, and will continue to change, the nature and content of work in the world in general and in the United States in particular which for decades has enjoyed an unchallenged competitive advantage in many economic sectors (Bassi, Benson and Cheney, 1996). Regarding the nature of this change and its consequences on the workforce of the future, the top five trends appear to be that: (1) Skill requirements will continue to increase in response to rapid technological change; (2) The American workforce will be significantly more educated and more diverse; Text of the Paper: The entire text of the paper is shown below. However, the text is somewhat scrambled. We want to give you as much information as we possibly can about our papers and essays, but we cannot give them away for free. In the text below you will find that while disordered, many of the phrases are essentially intact. From this text you will be able to get a solid sense of the writing style, the concepts addressed, and the sources used in the research paper. The project featured three components: (1) the development of anational network of state representatives of community college business andindustry liaisons; (2) the establishment of a national employment,training, and literacy database of community college programs; and (3)sponsorship of the Workforce Development Institute (Barnett, 1995). It is generally held that money is the prime reason communitycolleges are scrambling to form partnerships with local companies (Stamps,1995b). Personnel Journal,71(4), 112-119. Indeed, the American Association ofCommunity Colleges estimates that 9 - 95 percent of its member collegesare, to a greater or lesser extent, in the business of training workers forspecific companies, rather than just teaching generic subjects or trades(Stamps, 1995b). A total of 64 community college professionals, out of 161 applicants,were selected to become AACC workforce development contacts in 49 statesand Puerto Rico. In addition, the Irvine, California, Chamber of Commerceused facilitators from BusinessLink to devise a long-term strategy(Forsberg, 1992). For example, although the idea was once unthinkable,major airlines are now considering outsourcing pilot training to colleges(Sweetman, 1993). Summary This paper presented a general overview of contract training wherebycolleges, mostly community colleges, provide custom training to businessesand industries. (1996). (DoctoralDissertation, The University of Texas at Austin) Dissertation AbstractsInternational, 57(2-A), p. The general nature and multiples uses of contract training canperhaps best be seen though an examination of one of the highly successfulcontract training program BusinessLink. The growing use of contract training in the United States (as well asan additional example of its general nature) is highlighted by noting thatcontract training at the community college level has increased so greatlythat in April 1994, the American Association of Community Colleges (AACC)was awarded a $6 , grant from the Department of Labor for a project toenhance community colleges' capacity to meet national workforce trainingneeds (Barnett, 1995). Life Fleet Incorporated, an ambulance servicescompany, used BusinessLink to teach basic supervisory and managementskills; and finally, McDonnell Douglas Space Systems Company usedBusinessLink for its preemployment screening (Forsberg, 1992). & Cheney, S. Such data should includevariables associated with the educational context, processes used to fillclient needs, and outcomes of the program (Jacobs & Bragg, 1994). & Bragg, D. Contract trainingprograms typically are of two types. These limitations were listed and discussed. Air TransportWorld, 3 (12), 79-86.----------------------- 3 Alternative education/alternativerevenue: Contract training: Public and private sector models. Community colleges insist they areideally suited to serve local business interests in ways that four yearcolleges and universities are not (Stamps, 1995b). (1993). By July 1995, the database containedinformation on 2,31 programs and services from 43 colleges (Barnett,1995). Lestina, R. (1995b). COLLEGES Introduction Two major forces - global competition and rapid technologicaladvances - have profoundly changed, and will continue to change, the natureand content of work in the world in general and in the United States inparticular which for decades has enjoyed an unchallenged competitiveadvantage in many economic sectors (Bassi, Benson and Cheney, 1996).Regarding the nature of this change and its consequences on the workforceof the future, the top five trends appear to be that: (1) Skill requirements will continue to increase in response to rapidtechnological change; (2) The American workforce will be significantly more educated andmore diverse; (3) Corporate restructuring will continue to reshape the businessenvironment; (4) Corporate training departments will change dramatically in sizeand composition; and (5) Advances in technology will revolutionize the way training isdelivered (Bassi, Benson & Cheney, 1996). It has been noted that in order forcontract training to be maximally effective it must address the need forfaculty development activities to expand teacher horizons for working withemployed populations (Kantor, 1994). CONTRACT TRAINING FOR INDUSTRY BY U.S. In addition, it has beensuccessfully used across diverse business as well as used for a widevariety of business needs and functions. Training for customized training: Learning toteach the fully employed learner in the workplace. BusinessLink, is a contracttraining program of the Coast Community College District in Costa Mesa,California. Thiscall has been met by conducting empirical research that has attempted todetermine the parameters or boundaries beyond which contract training isnot particularly effective (Johnson, 1995). Another factor is the diminishing influence ofthe airline culture on avionics and cockpit design. In orderto ensure success, it was recommended that contract training programsengage in ongoing evaluative efforts, and that evaluations includeeducational context variables, process variables related to fulfillingclient needs, and outcome variables. Jacobs, J. Training, 32(12), p. The company'sworkers have now been matched to positions in which they can excel(Forsberg, 1992). AADAA - I961726 ). Sweetman, B. It has also been observed that the effectiveness of contract trainingprograms can be diminished by several additional factors. The top ten trends.Training and Development, 5 (11), 28-42. Some have suggested that therebe ongoing monitoring efforts by the colleges in order to evaluate theeffects of their contract training program, efforts that emphasize goodrecord keeping and the collecting of data demonstrating the accountabilityof the programs (Jacobs & Bragg, 1994). Kantor, S.L. The database developed by the project contains information oncontract training programs in the areas of adult education, employment,training, and literacy programs. Regarding its nature, BusinessLink provides customtraining to businesses by sending college instructors to the workplace.More than 6 businesses have contracted with the three-college district forspecial training courses (Forsberg, 1992). NewDirections For Community Colleges, 17(4), 35-44. Some have argued against the notion that there is wide applicabilityfor contract training. In thisregard, program success was said to depend on such factors as: thecongruency of the training program with business/organizational structures,processes and policies; the degree of support for the program from thecompany president, and the qualifications of instructional staff. Community colleges and workforce investment - ATEAMS community college capacity building project, April 22, 1994 -November 3 , 1995. Numerous applications and uses are associated with the BusinessLink'sapproach. The evaluation of customized training.New Directions For Community Colleges, 22(1), 13-24. (1995). Several reasons for the initial and continued growth incontract training were reviewed. (1995). (1994). Stamps. Many colleges see contract training as a natural extension of theirmission to serve the local community. In order to ensure program success,it has also been suggested that, despite similarities to traditional on-campus instruction, colleges must take into account the considerations ofstudents, clients, subject matter, and time and place limitations (Kantor,1994). Finally, oneof the major forces driving airlines toward outsourcing is cost (Sweetman,1993). (1995a). Partner with your local community college. Bassi, L.J., Benson, G. Organizational structure and the performance ofcontract training operations in American Community Colleges. In this regard,contract training is likely not to be effective if: (a) it is not wellsupported by the president of the company, (b) it is not structurallyseparated from the traditional instructional units, (c) if it fails toemploy staff with relatively unique skills that are appropriate forproducing services for business, and (d) if it does not utilize operatingprocedures that are separate relative to traditional instructional collegeoperating procedures (Johnson, 1995). One way in which community colleges can make sure that they aremaximizing their contract training efforts is through the collection ofdiverse kinds of program effectivenss data. D. Even businesses that were heretofore thought to be especiallyunsuitable for contract training are considering it as a workforcedevelopment tool. Contract Training: Its Nature, Uses and Success Rate Contract training is currently one of the most frequently used toolsin workforce-development efforts. Solutions 1 1. Contractors innovate to prosper. 22. However, the question can be asked as to whether such findingsmean that contract training is probably appropriate for almost any businessand/or organization. Forsberg, M. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 392 494. However, it was also pointed out that contract training does havesome limitations. Thepurpose of this paper is to discuss contract training, its general nature,its uses and its overall effectiveness in meeting the goals of betterpreparing workers to meet the challenges and the changes taking place inAmerican businesses and industry. Community colleges go corporate. In addition, communitycolleges usually are established members of the local community and have along-term stake in providing the best training available at competitivemarket rates (Craft, 1995). 38. Craft, W.M. Several reasons have been cited for this change.However, the biggest single enabler has been the move to all-simulator,zero-flight-time training. It wasfurther noted that contract training is associated with several benefitsincluding: relatively low costs, good success rates across different typesof businesses, and its ongoing expansion to business formerly viewed asunsuitable for such training programs. One way in which business and industry is dealing with the changestaking place in the American workforce and with the continuing trendsconnected with these changes is through contract training where contracttraining can be defined as custom training developed by colleges and soldto businesses and larger employers (Stamps, 1995a). HRFocus, 72(4), p. (Microfilm Order No. Custom training on a budget. 532. (1992). Also, increasing automation in the cockpit has led to morestandardization of flight manuals and operational procedures. the CECHP program whichproviders continuing education to nurses (Lestina & Curry, 1989). Further, Newport Corporation, a supplier of equipment for the laserand electro-optic industry, used BusinessLink in an 18-week programdesigned to teach Vocational English as a Second Language to 5 of itsemployees (Forsberg, 1992). Workforce Development Institute activities culminated in a three-day national training conference which took place January 18 through 21,1995, attracting 135 participants in the fields of contract training,school-to-work or tech prep, displaced workers, and others (includingbusiness). What can be seen from the discussion so far is that contract trainingis associated with relatively low costs. Contacts helped reach key community college personnel ineach state and alerted AACC to the special needs of small and medium-sizedbusinesses (Barnett, 1995). (1995). (1989). For example, Wavell-Huber Wood Products Incorporated usedBusinessLink to assess the capabilities of its employees. Following this review, it waspointed out that the nature of provided training is quite diverse; anexample of the diverse nature and uses of contract training was provided inthe description of the contract training program BusinessLink. Second, there are programs which provide continuing educationto already well-trained professionals, e.g. Training, 32(12), 36-43. Stamps,D. Washington, D.C.: American Association ofCommunity Colleges. For example, in a comprehensive empirical study of the relatedness ofcontract training to organizational structure, it was observed that thecommon training operations, policies, staff, structures, procedures andoperating philosophies of many business are fundamentally different formthose of the traditional college organization---and that contract trainingtends to be successful only so long as colleges accommodate thesedifferences; in other words, contract training operations must be able tooperate in a way that is congruent with the needs of the particularbusiness and industry they are working with if the training program is tobe effective (Johnson, 1995). Johnson, S.L. Indeed, the increase in the magnitude of contracttraining taking place over the last several years has led to a call for amore thorough examination of some of the issues involving the applicabilityof this approach to dealing with the changing American workforce. References Barnett, L. First, there is the educational program which contracts to providespecific training to local businesses and industries and which primarilyprovide this training to general workers and/or low-level managementpersonnel. Final Report. (1994). Moreover, its cost effectiveness,applicability and success has led to contract training being considered bybusinesses for whom the idea would have once been unthinkable (e.g.,airlines). & Curry, B.A. Another problematic area of contract training concerns thequalifications of instructors. Unlike most college populations, thoseinvolved in contract training tend to be fully employed learners; moreover,on many occasions the training is being delivered in the work setting andnot in the college environment. However, money is not the only reason. New Directions ForCommunity Colleges, 22(1), 5-11. If this paper is not what you are looking for, you can search again: Search for: or Click here to request an essay written just for you.