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Effects of the Modern World System   Term Paper ID:27334 Click to get this paper

Essay Subject: Discusses some of the ways that the modern world system effects peoples & cultures. Topics include the European Union & deforestation.... More...

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Paper Abstract: Discusses some of the ways that the modern world system effects peoples & cultures. Topics include the European Union & deforestation. Paper Introduction: The modern world system affects countries in different ways according to the degree of development that has already taken place in each nation. The system is likely to have a subtle effect over time, but in some ways it has little direct impact on countries like the United States because they are already developed and because they are such a part of the world system that they define the agenda rather then being defined by it. Developing nations are influenced by what they see in the developed world--they emulate the world system and seek its assistance and guidance. The modern world system fits with the culture and society of the United States, and indeed, the U.S. remains the country that guides the world system through its economic and political institutions and also through the dissemination of its social and cultural norms in popular cultu Text of the Paper: The entire text of the paper is shown below. However, the text is somewhat scrambled. We want to give you as much information as we possibly can about our papers and essays, but we cannot give them away for free. In the text below you will find that while disordered, many of the phrases are essentially intact. From this text you will be able to get a solid sense of the writing style, the concepts addressed, and the sources used in the research paper. Over the past five years the OAS Department of Cultural Affairs, through its Multinational Project of Popular Culture, has worked to generate information necessary to both artisans and policymakers and, in collaboration with the member states, utilize traditional crafts as the focus for strategies for sustainable development ("The craft of sustainable development" 54). The Life of Reason. Often, this means that the modern world wantsthe developing world to pay attention on the terms of the modern world,which may ignore cultural realities in the developing regions. Citizens ofindustrialized nations often respond to the issue of tropical deforestationas if they are teaching backward people how to cope with their ecosystem.One reason for this attitude is the perception that deforestation is theresult of innumerable individual decisions that are rational on a smallscale (e.g., subsistence farming, ranching, or lumbering for profit) butthat have consequences that are irrational on the large scale (e.g.,alteration of hydrological patterns, effects on global climate, orreduction of biodiversity). Scientists note the way the natives in these regionsuse the rainforest in ways that may actually maintain the forests over timemore effectively than programs suggested by the modern world. TheEuropean Community is in the process of reshaping itself, redefining itselfas a community in a way that has never been true before. Tensions amongthe various nations of Europe have been endemic for centuries, but afterWorld War II the perception that curtailing these tensions was moreimportant than ever became the accepted wisdom and spurred the formation ofthe European Community (EC). Will the American people have the inner strength to consolidate, and to sustain, the belief that their civilization is deferent not from the so-called Old World but from the so-called Third World, and not merely an advanced model? The disintegration of the SovietUnion into a series of smaller independent states has in effect endedEuropean Communism as an international threat. The modernworld system fits with the culture and society of the United States, andindeed, the U.S. With a speed that seems quiteremarkable, the Soviet Union and the Warsaw pact have dissolved as militarythreats, though they may pose a form of economic threat because of theirgreat need and because of the problems they are facing as they try tobecome capitalist democracies. Freeport, New York: Books for Libraries, 1972.Lukacs, John. Many of the cultural tensions between the developing nations and theUnited States as prime representative of the modern world system wereevident in recent trade talks with Mexico and arguments over passage ofGATT and NAFTA. Yet the dissolution of the Soviet Union andits satellite Eastern bloc has seemed to offer a rare opportunity forcurtailing certain defense policies and expenditures on the basis thatthere is no longer an immediate need. He states that theUnited States developed its vision based on trying to create a nation thatwould be the opposite of those suffering from the sins of the Old World anddeveloped a region that was an advanced version of the Old World: Neither of these visions is meaningful any longer. This paternalistic attitude affects developingregions negatively. Consider the present trend and how it will develop in the future. The countries of Europe developed their political structures based oncertain shared traditions as well as regional differences, and the systemthat developed in the United States drew from the European tradition whilealso making significant changes based on the writings of theorists such asLocke, Hobbes, and Rousseau. The effort by the modern world to influence thedevelopment of the so-called Third World may be admirable, but the methodsundertaken to accomplish it too often fail to take into account thestrengths that exist in different cultures and the need to shape change tothe national situation rather than the other way around. Many of these countries, such as those in Latin America, haveeconomies more based on the work of artisans than that of industrialworkers: Both the artisans and the income they generate, as well as the impact on them of policies related to environment, free trade, health, and other issues are largely invisible in economic and social statistics for a variety of complex reasons. Like Locke, Hobbes was a rationalist whoexalted the creative role of reason in all things (James 86), and anemphasis on reason is an emphasis on individual thought and action. "The End of the Twentieth Century." Harper's (Jaunary 1993), 39-58. The nativesmanage their swidden fallows in a way that allows annual crops to becombined with perennial tree crops in a natural process of reforestation(DuFour 652). remains the country that guides the world system throughits economic and political institutions and also through the disseminationof its social and cultural norms in popular culture. Anthropology has much to teach about differences between differentparts of the world. (Lukacs 58). As noted, while they are expectedto industrialize, they are also expected to do so in a more environmentally-friendly way than the developed nations of the world managed to in thepast. The modern world system affects countries in different ways accordingto the degree of development that has already taken place in each nation.The system is likely to have a subtle effect over time, but in some ways ithas little direct impact on countries like the United States because theyare already developed and because they are such a part of the world systemthat they define the agenda rather then being defined by it. Lukacs states that the twentieth century was the American century andthat American power will decline into the next century. Since World War II, the primary defense concernfor Europe has been the Soviet bloc, including the Soviet Union and theEastern European nations of the Warsaw Pact. Developingnations are influenced by what they see in the developed world--theyemulate the world system and seek its assistance and guidance. Themost dominant form of government in Europe today is some form ofparliamentary government with a prime minister generally chosen from thepolitical party with the largest number of seats. Among the concerns raised were that these agreements didnot do enough to force the developing nations of the world to pay attentionto environmental concerns. Works Cited"The Craft of Sustainable Development." Americas (March 13, 1996), 54-55.Dufour, Darna L. Now the EC is changing its form and structureto be a Europe-without-borders, a Europe with free trade among the twelvemember states of the EC. The economic structure of many areas of the Third World is verydifferent from that of the developed world, and the move toward developmentaffects these nations in different ways. "Use of Tropical Rainforest by Native Amazonians." BioScience (October 199 ), 652.James, David G. 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