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NATION & ETHNIC CONFLICTS.   Term Paper ID:28917 Click to get this paper

Essay Subject: Examines 2 books on subject: "ARAB & JEW" by David K. Shipler & "NATION AGAINST STATE" by Gideon Gottlieb. Problems, conflicts waged in name of nationhood.... More...

4 Pages / 900 Words 2 sources, 13 Citations, MLA Format $16.00 Return to List of Papers

Paper Abstract: Examines 2 books on subject: "ARAB & JEW" by David K. Shipler & "NATION AGAINST STATE" by Gideon Gottlieb. Problems, conflicts waged in name of nationhood. Paper Introduction: David K. Shipler’s work, Arab and Jew, delves into the perceptions and stereotypes Arabs and Jews have of one another in Israel and Israeli-controlled regions. He examines these relationships in three dimensions: first, the forces that contribute to aversion such as war, nationalism, terrorism, and religious absolutism; second, the catalogue of images, some unique to the Arab-Jew relationship, some similar to stereotypes between other groups; third, the complexities of interaction, ranging from cultural and religious affinity to the idealistic efforts of a few Jews and Arabs to span the gap of ignorance (Shipler 13). Gideon Gottlieb’s Nation Against State examines ethnic conflicts and the decline of sovereignty. He explains past failed approaches and develops instead innovative approaches for Text of the Paper: The entire text of the paper is shown below. However, the text is somewhat scrambled. We want to give you as much information as we possibly can about our papers and essays, but we cannot give them away for free. In the text below you will find that while disordered, many of the phrases are essentially intact. From this text you will be able to get a solid sense of the writing style, the concepts addressed, and the sources used in the research paper. These precisedefinitions make his later suggestions more understandable. In his "Catalogue ofImages," Shipler quotes a Jewish settler as describing the Arab, "They onlyunderstand force and strength. Shipler's focus is limited to the Arab-Jewish hostility, and heutilizes first-person experiences, interviews with refugees, prisoners ofwar, children, religious leaders, and many others to illustrate theintolerance in the Middle East. New York: Penguin Books, 1987. In his final chapter, aptlyentitled, "The Dream, " he describes Neve Shalom, a small communitydesigned to bring Muslims, Christians, and Jews to reside together andpromote harmony. My head was as big as a watermelon. Shipler's work, Arab and Jew, delves into the perceptionsand stereotypes Arabs and Jews have of one another in Israel and Israeli-controlled regions. Militarypower is important, regional peace requires an order based on localcircumstances, and these nations must find ways of converting their literalsurvival into a matter of urgent concern for great powers (Gottlieb 122-129). Contrarily, Gottlieb's approach looks atthe bigger picture of worldwide ethnic strife, examines individualsituations throughout world history to demonstrate failed approaches, andoffers alternatives which may have been useful or may be useful for futureconflicts. The Jewish boys explained that they aretaught in school that the Arab is Amalek, the Old Testament enemy ofIsrael, and that the Torah says you have to destroy all remnants of Amalek(Shipler 136-137). The atrocities of war are conveyed through an interviewwith an Israeli pilot tortured by the Egyptians: They put surgical clamps on my tongue and started to turn them as you would open a sardine can, until you can't breathe anymore. Gideon Gottlieb's Nation Against State examines ethnic conflicts andthe decline of sovereignty. Works CitedGottlieb, Gidon. While it never grew into a flourishing settlement, itconducts many workshops for Arab and Jewish high school students and trainscounselors to work with Arab-Jewish groups (Shipler 496-497). Shipler takes a cautiously optimistic tone regarding the existingArab-Jew hostility in the Middle East. He lists many examples to explain the Jews'ignorance of their Arab neighbors, and vice versa. Electric shocks. Inthe modern world, zoning regulations are layered upon one another.Similarly, a demarcation of different layers of lines for differentpurposes could be established. Itstresses the importance of case-by-case analysis for ethnic conflicts, butfinally concludes with the grim realities faced by small nations. Lines drawn for security purposes need notcoincide with lines drawn for other purposes (Gottlieb 44-47). Gottlieb employs a very clear, informative, concise style,incorporating a tremendous amount of historical information. BothShipler and Gottlieb succeed in accomplishing their stated goals,previously discussed, in these insightful works. He examines these relationships in three dimensions:first, the forces that contribute to aversion such as war, nationalism,terrorism, and religious absolutism; second, the catalogue of images, someunique to the Arab-Jew relationship, some similar to stereotypes betweenother groups; third, the complexities of interaction, ranging from culturaland religious affinity to the idealistic efforts of a few Jews and Arabs tospan the gap of ignorance (Shipler 13). More territory for oneside does not need to mean less territory for the other, rather, a bundleof rights, similar to the system of feudal England could be utilized tocraft estates, carving out usufructuary rights and other servitudes. Beyond comparing the scope and styles of writing, a comparison ofthese two works is somewhat akin to comparing apples and oranges. Nation Against State. David K. Forinstance, he interviews three thirteen year olds from Jerusalem andsurrounding settlements to illustrate the role of indoctrination of youngpeople in existing perceptions. They work on their emotions. . He clearlydefines terms, concepts, and ideas so the reader is left with very littleambiguity. They put water on me to have good connections (Shipler 26). Both areenlightening journeys into the problems religion, intolerance, history, andmeshing different cultures in the same geographic region can create. Gottlieb's less optimistic perspective is shown in the finalcomment, "the very idea of order in the world that is taking shape beforeour eyes, is now in question" (Gottlieb 129). . For example, he presentsfunctional arrangements to territorial disputes. Hope isalso evident in Hadasah Hospital in Jerusalem, where Arab doctors treatJews, and many prominent Arabs travel here to be treated by Jewish doctorsthey are sworn to hate and raised to respect (Shipler 552). Arab and Jew. Clear and graphic images are abundant in Shipler's work. When he laterdiscusses the broadening of the international legal community beyond statesand international organizations to formally include peoples and nations,stating nations and peoples that have no state of their own can berecognized and endowed with international legal status, this proposition iseasier to comprehend (Gottlieb 39). New York: Council On Foreign Relations Press, 1993.Shipler, David K. They're notrational" (Shipler 222). He explains past failed approaches anddevelops instead innovative approaches for contending with brutal conflictswaged in the name of nationhood (Gottlieb ix). His "states-plus-nations"approach involves status, the extension of the international system ofstates to allow for a system of nations too; competence, deconstructing thesovereignty of states and redistributing some of its attributes todifferent hands; borders, similar to urban zoning; national home distinctfrom state, an entity with defined geographic limits that can, but do notalways, correspond to state boundaries; citizenship, adopting differentlayers of personal status; and forms of association, creating new unionsamong both nations and peoples as well as nations and states (Gottlieb 3-5). Gottlieb offers a plethora ofalternative approaches to these problems. For instance the otherwise confusing terms, "nation" and"ethnic group" in this book are immediately defined as, "those collectiveentities in which prominent political spokesmen and personalities voicetheir claims in terms of independence, of self determination, of minorityrights, of autonomy, or of secession" (Gottlieb xii). I was completely naked. His powerfulexplanation demonstrates the impact that each factor he discusses has onthe Arab-Jewish relationships and his pages are filled with colorful,graphic, sometimes agonizing examples. Nation Against State details innovative approaches, promotesenforcement strategies that do not require the deployment of Americanground troops overseas, and advocates humanitarian aid to victims ofconflict in a way that would not widen the war nor inhibit enforcement. If this paper is not what you are looking for, you can search again: Search for: or Click here to request an essay written just for you.