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CLIMATE CHANGE.   Term Paper ID:29799 Click to get this paper

Essay Subject: Effects of global warming.... More...

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Paper Abstract: Effects of global warming. Causes. Changes in sea levels, ice cover, forest cover and regional climates. Global temperatures and the atmospheric greenhouse effect. Ozone layer function; discovery of hole in ozone in 1960s. International efforts to address global warming problem. Attitudes of developed nations and developing ones. Paper Introduction: I. Introduction Global temperatures are determined by the atmospheric greenhouse effect. Briefly, the cycle works as follows. Heat emitted from the sun enters the earth=s atmosphere through the ozone layer. This ozone layer filters out some of the harmful radiation from the sun=s ultraviolet rays while still letting in some of its life giving heat and energy. Then the ozone layer continues to participate in the system by keeping some of that heat trapped close to the earth=s surface, allowing biodiversity and agriculture to thrive. The sun continually provides rays of heat and energy, and the ozone molecules comprising the stratospheric ozone layer are in a constant state of breaking down and rebuilding. These events have been working together to regulate our climate since the origin of the planet. It is a Text of the Paper: The entire text of the paper is shown below. However, the text is somewhat scrambled. We want to give you as much information as we possibly can about our papers and essays, but we cannot give them away for free. In the text below you will find that while disordered, many of the phrases are essentially intact. From this text you will be able to get a solid sense of the writing style, the concepts addressed, and the sources used in the research paper. This ozone layerfilters out some of the harmful radiation from the sun=s ultraviolet rayswhile still letting in some of its life giving heat and energy. Finally, and probably most obviously, there are regional climatechanges associated with global warming. Considering the level of technical sophistication we haveachieved, it is likely that more environmentally suitable replacements forthese things will be quickly developed and marketed. While it is unclear whether thiswill have a shielding or trapping effect on the passing of radiation is asyet unknown, but there will certainly be an effect. Causes of global warming The correlation between the earth=s temperature and the presence ofgreenhouse gases in the atmosphere has been shown using ice core samplesfrom the antarctic region. Following that there were theRio Earth Summit and the Kyoto Conference, both of which gained even moresupport than their predecessors. Available:http://www.agu.org/eos_elec/99148e.html. Second, there would needto be some form of international tribunal in place to handle any conflictresolution functions. Blue skies, green politics: The Clean Air Act of199 . And the energy that powers our industrial base would have to belikewise changed. Introduction Global temperatures are determined by the atmospheric greenhouseeffect. The four most significant impacts are changes in sea levels,ice cover, forest cover, and regional climates. Additionally, changing levels of ice coverhas an impact on the amount of light (therefore heat and energy) which isreflected back from the planet into the atmosphere. This creates unpredictable weatherpatterns and is blamed by some for some of the severe weather seen inrecent years. An additional consideration is that some of these greenhouse gasespractically take on a life of their own once free in the atmosphere. This all would be challenging, as proven by the struggles faced bymarketers of new technology vehicles like hybrid and electric-powered cars. Rising temperatures result in rising sea levels. These have been thesubject of major restrictions for decades now -- a fact which will bediscussed at a later point in this paper. Environmental policy in the199 s: Toward a new agenda. Furthermore, there is anamazing amount of biodiversity in these regions which will be inarguablythreatened by this changing landscape. For starters, it impacts oceantemperatures, changing the complex balance of plant life hosted therein,which may have effects felt all the way up the food chain. Forests have a major role to play in these gascycles because of their ability to absorb many of these greenhouse gasesand turn them into something more benign. Thereis a lot of suspicion created as a result, and this has also led toresentment. In order to significantly lower greenhouse gasemissions in the developed countries would entail massive energyconservation efforts in terms of indoor climate control (air conditioningand heating units used in housing, apartment, office complexes and thelike). And not surprisingly, if sections of forest die out, allof the life forms which had been habitating therein tend to go with it. Each of these changes haveindirect effects which accompany them, some of which are presented below. There is the sentiment that by imposing theserestrictions, the developed world is slowing growth in these countrieswhere life is often times already shackled by economic woes. The first major effort to align different countries in working towardalleviating global warming was the Vienna Convention for the Protection ofthe Ozone Layer. These problems are compounded by the fact thateven if we can accurately predict the flow of greenhouse gases and theimpact on the ozone layer, we have no way of reliably speculating as to theeffect it will have on global temperatures. The leadersin these countries decry the injustice of being asked to reject what seemsto have worked so well in the more Aadvanced@ nations of the world. Next,the effects of global warming are discussed in terms of the followingcategories: changes in sea levels, ice cover, forest cover, and regionalclimates. Energy policy in the greenhouse. With growing populations to feed, we certainly can illafford to be losing good, productive crop growing areas.Addressing global warming Despite all the uncertainty involved with forecasting the impacts ofrising global temperatures, most people have decided the risks of not doinganything to address this potential hazard are too great to ignore. I. Many of those involved in creating these treaties agree that aworkable solution would require the following elements. This in turn affects the biodiversity which an area cansupport. Briefly, the cycle works as follows. It took place in 1985 and a loose treaty to work towardsthe reduction of greenhouse gas emissions was signed by 2 nations. And it would have to be only be the beginning. Since that time, both the causes of theozone depletion and the expected impact on global temperatures based on theexistence of the hole have been subject to endless scrutiny, research, anddebate. Some secondary impacts of each of these events are included witheach topic. Humans have irrevocably alteredthe naturally occurring phenomenon of global climate regulation byupsetting the delicate balance which has characterized the system forhundreds of thousands of years. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press. Climate change and greenhouse gases. Then theozone layer continues to participate in the system by keeping some of thatheat trapped close to the earth=s surface, allowing biodiversity andagriculture to thrive. This poses a major roadblock for efforts to lower greenhouse gasemissions because doing so would involve sacrifice, which is a hard selleven with good cause. Heat emitted from the sunenters the earth=s atmosphere through the ozone layer. The sun continually provides rays of heat andenergy, and the ozone molecules comprising the stratospheric ozone layerare in a constant state of breaking down and rebuilding. (1994). Changes in the level of ice cover of the planet also have somepredictable, detrimental consequences. Enacting the types ofmeasures required is a very complicated matter indeed, involving manylayers of impact. Hoyt, D. In terms of forest cover, we have a situation where we have created akind of vicious circle. Krause, F. Therehas been a consensus building in the international community that moreeffort should be made to stop contributing to the demise of the ozonelayer. New York: JohnWiley & Sons, Inc. Unfortunately this can be directly traced to human activities,primarily since the industrial revolution. The developed countrieswill have to forego some of the conveniences and luxuries that have becomecommonplace. Finally, some of the more well known examples of internationalefforts to get together and address this issue are outlined as both proofthat this is a matter which merits serious and immediate attention, and asexamples of how difficult it is to reach any consensus. And Kraft, M., Eds. (1993). Greenhouse warming: Fact, hypothesis or myth? Online. We have little choice but to overcomethese obstacles if we are to combat what may be one of the biggest threatsthe human race has ever faced. (1992). Basically, Amost proposals for a globalwarming agreement argue for a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions ofanywhere from 2 percent to 6 percent of current levels by early in thenext century@ (Bryner, 146). And while there are majorefforts being made to address the release of other greenhouse gases, notonly is this a potentially impossible feat, it may even prove futile.Controlling these pollutants now may not be good enough given the damagethat=s already been done. Of the most significant to the human race is probably the effecton agriculture. This paper examines the evidence that global warming is, in fact,occurring. CFCscan have life spans of up to 1 years when floating around the ozone.This implies that despite the fact that there have been great strides madein slowing the release of this material into the air, we will still befeeling the consequences of such past activities well into the nextcentury.Effects of global warming There are certain direct effects associated with increased globaltemperatures. By continuing the practice ofdeforestation we are, in essence, slowly but surely removing MotherNature=s kidney. It also gives some of the root causes of climate change. The materials that we have been sendingoff into space are eating away at the shield that has protected our planetsince it began. It=s us in the line of fire if we do not. Scientists almost conclusively agree, however, that the hole inthe ozone has been caused (at least in part) by the increased occurrence ofgreenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Global Warming Report. Four of these have been significant enough to beconsidered milestones and merit a few words here. The paperconcludes with a brief look at how global warming issues affect developednations versus the impact on developing ones.II. The most frighteningaspect of this event becomes clear when one realizes that almost 9 percentof the earth=s population lives in coastal areas. (Bryner, 146).Conclusion As has been mentioned earlier in this paper, achieving these sorts ofemissions reductions will necessitate sacrifice. References Bryner, G. Online.Available: http://www.erols.com/dhoyt/. This may contributenegatively to the pattern of ozone depletion already in motion.Additionally, the areas previously covered by ice will now be either landor water, both of which absorb more radiation than their more reflectivecounterpart, ice. These events havebeen working together to regulate our climate since the origin of theplanet. This will in turnaffect the cloud cover over our planet. New Scientist Planet. And there=s more. Then in 1987, 31 nations joined on to the Montreal Protocol onSubstances that Deplete the Ozone Layers. The melting of the ice cover will result in waterbeing released into the atmosphere in the form of vapor. The final element would be an enforcement body. Thecurrent feeling is that trade sanctions are the only realistic option atthis time. Furthermore,changing temperatures impact the tidal movements of the ocean, causingdisruption in weather patterns. There have been numerous international conferences, conventions andtreaties held to discuss the issue of global warming since the hole in theozone was discovered. First, it wouldmandate a reporting or monitoring system to ensure that all nations were incompliance with the designated emission levels. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press. Available:http://www.newscientist.com/nsplus/insight/global/faq.html. Developing countries, on the other hand, feel that they aresacrificing their future. Online. Then in the 196 s scientists discovered a large hole in the ozonelayer above the antarctic region. Vig, N. Furthermore it would necessitate vast changes in ourtransportation infrastructure and fuel base. Needless to say, these sorts of undercurrents makenegotiations even more tenuous. It is a major part of what makes earth so unique. Efforts to monitor the release of greenhousegases have shown a significant rise in all of the gases fitting thisclassification except chloroflourocarbons (CFCs). If this paper is not what you are looking for, you can search again: Search for: or Click here to request an essay written just for you.